INDEX

Content of the issue: || Conteúdo da edição:

English content

• Science: Summaries of selected works from the Periódico Tchê Química and the Southern Journal of Sciences.

• Economy: A view of the current Europe's economy, by DW.

• Environment: Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries, by Munro.

Fast links:
• English news.
  • Science
  • Economy
  • Environment

Disclosure: The Araucaria Scientific Association does not always create the content featured in the newsletter. Instead, we curate a selection of content available on the internet and present it to our readers in an organized and stylish manner. We always include a link to the original source alongside the shared content to ensure proper credit is given to the content creators. Content suggestion.

Conteúdo em Português

• Ciência: Resumos de trabalhos selecionados do Periódico Tchê Química e notícias da Academia Brasileira de Ciências.

• Economia: Seleção de vídeos do Banco Central do Brasil e Fernando Ulrich. Tópicos: Cooperativas de Crédito e greve de trabalhadores em montadoras americanas.

• Ambiente: Nesta edição você encontra informações sobre o ciclone que atingiu o Sul do Brasil em Setembro de 2023, por jornal da Record.

Links rápidos:
• Português
  • Ciência
  • Economia
  • Ambiente

Divulgação: A Associação Científica Araucária nem sempre cria o conteúdo apresentado na newsletter. Em vez disso, nós selecionamos e apresentamos uma variedade de conteúdo disponível na internet aos nossos leitores de maneira organizada e elegante. Sempre incluímos um link para a fonte original juntamente com o conteúdo compartilhado para garantir que os criadores do conteúdo recebam o devido crédito. Sugestão de conteúdo.

Noticias em Português:

Resumo:
Introdução: Eletrocatalizadores PtRu/C apresentam bons resultados para a eletro-oxidação do metanol. A atividade destes eletrocatalisadores é fortemente dependente do método de síntese. Adicionalmente, o uso de carbonos mesoporosos ou nanoestruturados aumentam o desempenho de eletrocatalisadores usados para a eletro-oxidação de álcoois. A carbonização hidrotérmica é uma alternativa para obter diferentes nanoarquiteturas sem envolver condições drásticas. Objetivos: Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência do tempo de síntese nas propriedades de híbridos PtRu/Carbono preparados pelo método da carbonização hidrotérmica. Métodos: Híbridos PtRu/Carbono foram preparados por carbonização hidrotérmica em diferentes tempos (6 h e 12 h). A celulose foi a fonte de carbono e agente redutor e H2PtCl6.6H2O e RuCl3.xH2O foram as fontes de metais e catalisadores do processo de carbonização. Os materiais foram tratados a 900 °C e caracterizados por espectroscopia por energia dispersiva de raios-X, termogravimetria, isotermas de B.E.T., difração de raios-X, microscopia eletrônica de transmissão e voltametria cíclica. A eletro-oxidação do metanol foi estudada por cronoamperometria. Resultados: O aumento de 6 para 12 h de síntese, aparentemente, resultou em aumento do tamanho médio de partículas, redução do volume de mesoporos e aumento da área superficial e do volume total de poros. A cronoamperometria da eletro-oxidação do metanol sobre os híbridos PtRu/Carbono indicaram uma maior eletroatividade para o material preparado em 6 h. Discussão: Provavelmente, a maior eletroatividade do material preparado em 6 h está associada ao menor tamanho de partícula, à estrutura de mesoporos e conteúdo de óxidos superficiais. Conclusões: Portanto, é possível afirmar que o tempo de síntese é um importante parâmetro que afeta as propriedades físico-químicas de híbridos metal/carbono obtidos pelo método da carbonização hidrotérmica.

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News in English

Abstract:
Background: PtRu/C electrocatalysts present good results in methanol electo-oxidation. The activity of these electrocatalysts is strongly dependent on the synthesis method. Additionally, the use of mesoporous carbons or nanostructured carbons increases the performance of electrocatalysts applied in alcohol electro-oxidation. The hydrothermal carbonization method is an alternative to obtain different nanoarchitectures without involving harsh conditions. Aims: Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the influence of synthesis time on the properties of PtRu/Carbon hybrids prepared by the hydrothermal carbonization method. Methods: PtRu/Carbon hybrids were prepared by hydrothermal carbonization at different times of synthesis (6 h and 12 h). It used cellulose as a carbon source and reducing agent and H2PtCl6.6H2O and RuCl3.xH2O as metal sources and catalysts of the carbonization process. The materials were treated at 900 °C and characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, B.E.T isotherms, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope and cyclic voltammetry. The electro-oxidation of methanol was studied by chronoamperometry. Results: The increase in synthesis time from 6 to 12 hours, apparently, resulted in an increase in mean particle size, reduction of mesoporous volume and increase in superficial area and total pore volume. The chronoamperometry of methanol electro-oxidation on these PtRu/Carbon hybrids indicated a higher electroactivity to the material prepared in 6 hours. Discussion: Probably, the higher electroactivity of material prepared in 6 h is associated with smaller particle size, mesoporous structure and surface oxides content. Conclusions: Therefore, it is possible to affirm that the synthesis time is an important parameter that affects the physical-chemical properties of metal/carbon hybrids obtained by the hydrothermal carbonization method.
Source: Visit the original content. (Periódico Tchê Química.)
Country of origen: Brazil.

Abstract:
Background: Diabetes Type 2 is a complex disorder described by an imbalance between insulin resistance and secretion that induce liver glucose output. It has been shown that serum insulin levels are affected by a sperm plasma membrane and acrosome. Therefore, during insulin resistance spermatogenesis changes, diabetic patients detect testicular changes. Aims: This research aims to know the effect of diabetic type 2 on some aspects of fertility in men by studying the characteristics of the semen and some biochemical parameters in seminal plasma. Methods: This study was achieved at the Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes Specialists in Maysan province from February to November 2018 and included 45 men (30 diabetic and 15 healthy in the control group) aged 30 to 59 years. The patients were divided according to age into two groups, the first (30-39) and second (40-59) years, also divided by the duration of diabetes into two groups, the first (1-5) and second (6-10) year. Results: The pH of semen in the second age group (40-49 years) group and first duration (1-5 years) group were significantly decreased (P <0.05) in diabetes compared with the control group. Volume and viscosity did not have significant differences in patients compared to the control following the age and duration of diabetes. Liquefaction only in the first age (30-39 years) group significantly increased (P <0.05) compared to the control. The concentration of sperm, progressive motility, non-progressive and normal morphology decreased (P <0.05) significantly. While the sluggish, dead, and abnormal morphology significantly increased (P <0.05) in all diabetes groups compared with the control. The fructose and alkaline phosphatase values in the seminal plasma were not differing significantly in patients compared with the control. Zinc and glutathione values decreased significantly (P <0.05) compared with control in each age and duration of diabetes. Discussion: Insulin stimulates the Ledying cell function, defect insulin effect on spermatogenesis. Impaired sperm motility in a patient with D.M. might be attributed to many reasons, such as increased ROS level, altered mitochondria DNA, and decreased epididymal products. Conclusion: our measurement indicates that there is an effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on semen parameters and seminal plasma biochemical parameters.
Source: Visit the original content. (Southern Journal of Sciences.)
Country of origen: Iraq.

What does it take for Europe's largest economy to reach 'China speed'? | DW Business

Lithium-Ion Batteries CAN Be Recycled! RecycLiCo Battery Materials & Kemetco Research Tour

Source: Visit original content.
Content created by: Munro Live. Visit the channel.
Country of origin: USA.

Project Award
The Araucária Scientific Association is deeply honored to have been a part of the second edition of "Pitch + Valor," organized by Sicredi Cooperative (Ibiraiaras RS/MG). We are thrilled and grateful that our project has been selected among the top 10 projects.
Source: Visit original content.
Content created by: Araucária Scientific Association.
Country of origin: Brazil.

Network for Alerting and Managing Public Safety and Resilience – REACT

The "REACT" project, part of NATO's SPS Program, involves Italy, Georgia, and the USA, with key participants from Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Ilia State University, and the University of Oklahoma, including young scientists. It aims to establish an air monitoring system for responding to terrorist or chemical incidents, beginning in November 2020 with online workshops and offline meetings in Rome and Venice in 2021 and 2022.

In Tbilisi, Georgia, sensors are placed at strategic locations like Chavchavadze Avenue, K. Cholokashvili Avenue, Leghvtakhevi, and Nutsubidze Street. These sensors track SO₂, NO₂, PM1, PM2.5, PM10, meteorological data (wind, humidity, pressure, temperature), and noise levels.

As of March 2023, the research shows generally satisfactory to good air quality in Tbilisi. The project aims to boost public safety by offering real-time air quality monitoring and emergency response protocols. Stakeholders involve Georgian government agencies, environmental groups, and educational institutions.

In summary, the REACT project is a collaborative effort to develop an air monitoring system for responding to terrorist or chemical incidents in Tbilisi, Georgia. The project is still ongoing, but the initial results show that the air quality in Tbilisi is generally good. The project aims to improve public safety by providing real-time air quality monitoring and emergency response protocols.
Content created by: Dr. K. Kupatadze. Ilia State University.
Country of origin: Georgia.